Exploring Emptiness	2.Small prefixes	3. Semantic profiles	4. Constructional profiles	5. Prefix variation	6. Aspectual triplets

Prefix		U-
Methodology
iz-
o(b)-
ot-
pere-
pod-
pri-
raz-
u-
v-
v(o)z-
vy-

Submeaning	Description	Example	Example gloss
1. MOVE AWAY	Leave some place, become inaccessible, disappear from sight	On uexal iz Baku	He left Baku
2. MOVE DOWNWARDS	Move smth down, also not intentionally	On uronil očki	He dropped his glasses
3. CONTROL	Bring under control	Ja ugovoril ego sprygnut'	I persuaded him to jump down
4. REDUCE	Lessen, make smaller, become less active	Ona umenšit rasxod gaza	She will reduce the consumption of gas
5. HARM	Do harm to smb	Ja ego ub'ju	I will kill him
6. PERCEIVE	Detect a sensorial input	Zver' ulovit èti zvuki	An animal will detect these sounds
7. PLACE/FIT	Place smth/smb somewhere, pack	Sejčas ja uložu vešči	Now I will pack the things
8. KEEP/SAVE	Save a position/quality of smth intact	Kto-nibud' ne uterpit i priedet	Someone will not resist the temptation and will come
9. COVER COMPLETELY	Cover with smth bigger than the object covered	Ja ukroju tebja dvumja odejalami	I will cover you with two blankets
10. DEPART FROM NORM	Change the normal features	Učastilis' slučai kraži veščej	Cases of theft became more frequent

1. MOVE AWAY

Lemma	Gloss	Base	Base gloss	n/m
ubežat’	run away	bežat’	run	n
ubrat’(sja)	remove; tidy up	brat’	take	n/m
udelit’	give, spare, devote (attention)	delit’	divide, share	m
udrat’	run away, make off	drat’	run	n
ugnat’	drive away; steal	gnat’	drive; urge (on), whip up	n
uexat’	ride away, leave	exat’	ride, drive	n
ujti	walk away	idti	go, walk	n
ukatit’	roll away, drive away	katit’	roll, wheel	n
ukonit’sja	avoid; turn off, aside	klonit’sja	bend, incline	n
uletet’	fly away	letet’	fly	n
umčat’(sja)	rush away	mčat’(sja)	rush, go at full speed	n
umyt’(sja)	wash off	myt’(sja)	wash	m
unesti(s’)	carry away; whirl away, fly away; travel (in thought)	nesti(s’)	carry; rush, fly	n
uplyt’	swim away	plyt’	swim	n
upolzti	crawl away	polzti	crawl	n
uprjatat’	hide away, banish	prjatat’	hide	m
urvat’	snatch, grab	rvat’	tear, rip	n
uskakat’	gallop away	skakat’	gallop	n
ustremit’sja	rush at, head for (away from)	stremit’sja	rush; strive for, seek	n
utaščit’	drag away	taščit’	pull, drag	n
uteč’	flow away, pass	teč’	flow	n
uteret’(sja)	wipe off	teret’(sja)	rub	m
uvesti	take away	vesti	conduct	n
uvezti	take away	vezti	cart, carry, convey	n
uvleč’(sja)	carry along, captivate, fascinate	vleč’	drag; attract	n/m

Specialized Perfectives (25)

Lemma	Gloss	Base	Base gloss	n/m
ukrast’	steal	krast’	steal	m
umotat’	(coll.) escape, run away	motat’	(coll.) escape, run away	n
unasledovat’	inherit	nasledovat’	inherit	m
uplatit’	pay	platit’	pay	m
uterjat’(sja)	lose	terjat’(sja)	lose	m

Natural Perfectives (5)

2. MOVE DOWNWARDS

Lemma	Gloss	Base	Base gloss	n/m
ukatat’	make smooth by rolling	katat’	roll	n

Specialized Perfective (1)

Lemma	Gloss	Base	Base gloss	n/m
upast’	fall	padat’	fall	n
uronit’	drop	ronjat’	drop	n
utrambovat’	press down in order to make smooth	trambovat’	press down in order to make smooth	n

Natural Perfectives (3)

3. CONTROL

Lemma	Gloss	Base	Base gloss	n/m
ugovorit’	persuade	govorit’	speak	m
uladit’(sja)	arrange, reconcile	ladit’(sja)	get on with; go well	m
upravit’sja	cope with, manage, take under control	pravit’	rule, govern, correct	m
uprosit’	prevail upon	prosit’	ask	m
usnut’	fall asleep	spat’	sleep	m
usypit’	put to sleep, lull	spat’	sleep	m
utešit’(sja)	comfort, calm down	tešit’(sja)	amuze, entertain	m
uverit’(sja)	assure, convince, persuade	verit’(sja)	believe, trust	m
uverovat’	come to believe in	verovat’	believe in	m

Specialized Perfectives (9)

Lemma	Gloss	Base	Base gloss	n/m
ubajukat’	lull to sleep	bajukat’	lull to sleep	m
upokoit’	calm smb down	pokoit’	calm smb down	m
uregulirovat’	regulate	regulirovat’	regulate	m

Natural Perfectives (3)

4. REDUCE

Lemma	Gloss	Base	Base gloss	n/m
ubyt’	diminish, decrease	byt’	be	m
uleč’sja	calm down (of storm or wind)	leč’	lie down	m
umerit’	moderate	merit’	measure	m
urezat’	cut down, reduce	rezat’	cut	m
useč’	truncate	seč’	cut, chop	m
usoxnut’	dry up, dry out	soxnut’	dry	m
utratit’	lose	tratit’	spend, waste	m

Specialized Perfectives (7)

Lemma	Gloss	Base	Base gloss	n/m
ugasit’	extinguish, put out, turn off light	gasit’	extinguish, put out, turn off light	m
ugasnut’	go out (of fire)	gasnut’	go out (of fire)	m
umolknut’	fall silent	molknut’	fall silent	m
utixnut’	become quiet	tixnut’	become quiet	m

Natural Perfectives (4)

5. HARM

Lemma	Gloss	Base	Base gloss	n/m
ubit’	kill	bit’	beat	m
ujazvit’	wound, hurt	jazvit’	sting; say sarcastically	m
ukorit’	reproach with	korit’	upbraid for, reproach with	m
umeret’	die	meret’	die (in large numbers)	m
umertvit’	kill, destroy, mortify	mertvit’	deaden	m
uščemit’	hurt by pinching	ščemit’	press, pinch	m
utomit’(sja)	wear out	tomit’(sja)	tire	m

Specialized Perfectives (7)

Lemma	Gloss	Base	Base gloss	n/m
udavit’(sja)	strangle	davit’(sja)	press upon, squeeze	m
udušit’	strangle	dušit’	strangle	m
ugrobit’	ruin, destroy, wreck	grobit’	destroy, ruin, wreck	m
ukokat’	kill	kokat’	kill	m
ukolot’	prick; wound	kolot’	prick; wound	m
umorit’	kill; exhaust, tire out	morit’	exterminate; exhaust, tire out	m
umotat’	(coll.) exhaust	motat’	(coll.) exhaust	m
uparit’	steam, overheat; exhaust	parit’	steam, overheat; exhaust	m
upret’	sweat, rot from excess heat	pret’	sweat, rot from excess heat	m
uščipnut’	pinch	ščipat’	pinch	m
utonut’	sink, drown	tonut’	sink, drown	m
utopit’(sja)	drown	topit’(sja)	drown	m
utrudit’	overload with work	trudit’	overload with work	m
uvjanut’	wither	vjanut’	wither	m
užalit’	sting, bite	žalit’	sting, bite	m

Natural Perfectives (15)

6. PERCEIVE

Lemma	Gloss	Base	Base gloss	n/m
učujat’	smell smth out	čujat’	smell	m
udelit’	give, spare, devote (attention)	delit’	divide; share	m
ugadat’	guess right, divine	gadat’	guess	m
ugljadet’	spot (with the eyes)	gljadet’	look at	m
ulovit’	detect	lovit’	try to catch	m
usledit’	keep an eye on, mind, manage to follow	sledit’	watch, follow	m
usmotret’	keep an eye on; interpret as	smotret’	look at	m
uznat’	recognize, find out	znat’	know	m

Specialized Perfectives (8)

Lemma	Gloss	Base	Base gloss	n/m
ulicezret’	see smth with own eyes	licezret’	see smth with own eyes	m
urazumet’	comprehend, understand	razumet’	comprehend, understand	m
uslyšat’(sja)	hear	slyšat’(sja)	hear	m
uslyxat’	hear	slyxat’	hear	m
uvidat’(sja)	see; see one another	vidat’(sja)	see; see one another	m
uvidet’(sja)	see; see one another, be seen as	videt’(sja)	see; see one another, be seen as	m
uzret’	see, behold	zret’	see, behold	m

Natural Perfectives (7)

7. PLACE / FIT

Lemma	Gloss	Base	Base gloss	n/m
uleč’sja	lie down in	leč’	lie down	n
uložit’(sja)	pack away; put to bed; fit in, within (about time)	klast’	lay	n/m
usadit’	seat	sažat’	seat	n
ustroit’(sja)	arrange, settle down	stroit’(sja)	build	m
uvjazat’	tie up, pack up; coordinate	vjazat’	tie, bind	n/m
užit’sja	get on with sb	žit’	live	m

Specialized Perfectives (6)

Lemma	Gloss	Base	Base gloss	n/m
ukomplektovat’	complete with all necessary parts, equip with	komplektovat’	complete with all necessary parts, equip with	m
upakovat’	pack up	pakovat’	pack	n

Natural Perfectives (2)

8. KEEP / SAVE

Lemma	Gloss	Base	Base gloss	n/m
ubereč’(sja)	protect against, keep safe	bereč’(sja)	take care of	m
uderžat’(sja)	hold, not let go	deržat’(sja)	hold	n
ukorenit’sja	take, strike root	korenit’sja	be rooted in	n
ukrepit’(sja)	strengthen, become firmly established	krepit’(sja)	strengthen	n
umolčat’	remain silent about	molčat’	be silent	m
uperet’(sja)	rest, lean (against); bump into (an obstacle)	peret’	push, press	m
upomnit’	remember	pomnit’	remember	m
usidet’	remain sitting	sidet’	sit	n
ustanovit’sja	be established, be fixed	stanovit’sja	become, stand	n
ustavit’sja	direct, fix one’s gaze upon	stavit’	put, place	n
ustojat’(sja)	remain standing; settle, become fixed	stojat’	stand	n/m
uterpet’	restrain oneself	terpet’	suffer, undergo	m
utverdit’(sja)	fix, establish; confirm in	tverdit’	repeat by saying	m
uvjazat’sja	dog (someone’s footsteps)	vjazat’sja	nag	m

Specialized Perfectives (14)

Lemma	Gloss	Base	Base gloss	n/m
ugnat’sja	keep up with, keep pace with	gnat’sja	keep up with, keep pace with	m
utait’	keep secret	tait’	keep secret	m
uvjaznut’	get stuck	vjaznut’	get stuck	n

Natural Perfectives (3)

9. COVER COMPLETELY

Lemma	Gloss	Base	Base gloss	n/m
ukryt’(sja)	cover up; give shelter	kryt’	cover	n
usejat’	sow with; cover	sejat’	sow	n
ustavit’	cover a surface with objects	stavit’	put, place	n
ustlat’	cover with a cloth	stlat’	lay (a cloth)	n
usypat’	cover by strewing	sypat’	strew	n
uvešat’	cover by hanging objects	vešat’	hang	n
uvit’	twine all over	vit’	twist, wind	n

Specialized Perfectives (7)

Lemma	Gloss	Base	Base gloss	n/m
ukutat’(sja)	wrap	kutat’(sja)	wrap	n
umotat’	reel, wind over	motat’	reel, wind over	n
upakovat’	wrap	pakovat’	wrap	n

Natural Perfectives (3)

10. DEPART FROM NORM

Lemma	Gloss	Base	Base gloss	n/m
učastit’sja	become more frequent, quicken	častit’	do something rapidly, frequently	m
udvoit’(sja)	double, reduplicate	dvoit’(sja)	divide in two, appear double	m
umudrit’(sja)	teach, make wiser; contrive (iron. do something which might easily have been avoided)	mudrit’	complicate matters unnecessarily	m
uravnjat’(sja)	equalize, make equal	ravnjat’(sja)	make even, treat equally	m
uxitrit’sja	manage to, contrive to	xitrit’	use cunning, guile	m

Specialized Perfectives (5)

Lemma	Gloss	Base	Base gloss	n/m
učinit’(sja)	make happen, commit, cause ( a scene)	činit’(sja)	make happen, commit, cause ( a scene)	m
učudit’	act in an unexpected way	čudit’	act in an unexpected way	m
udovol’stvovat’sja	satisfy	dovol’stvovat’sja	satisfy	m
umnožit’(sja)	multiply; increase	množit’(sja)	multiply; increase	m
unavozit’	fertilize	navozit’	fertilize	m
usoveršenstvovat’(sja)	perfect	soveršenstvovat’(sja)	perfect	m
usovestit’(sja)	put to shame, make aware of shame	sovestit’(sja)	put to shame, make aware of shame	m
ustaret’	grow old	staret’	grow old	m
uvenčat’(sja)	crown, mark, be crowned with	venčat’(sja)	crown	m

Natural Perfectives (9)